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Linear Extensions of Partially Ordered Sets
Let \PXP be a partially ordered set. A linear order L on X is called a linear extension (also, a topological sort) of P, if x\lt y in L whenever x\lt y in P.
Linear Extensions of Partially Ordered Sets
Let \(\PXP\) be a partially ordered set. A linear order \(L\) on \(X\) is called a linear extension (also, a topological sort) of \(P\), if \(x\lt y\) in \(L\) whenever \(x\lt y\) in \(P\). For example, the table displayed in shows that our familiar example \(\bfP_3\) has11 linear extensions.
The classical sorting problem studied in all elementary computer science courses is to determine an unknown linear order \(L\) of a set \(X\) by asking a series of questions of the form: Is \(x\lt y\) in \(L\)? All the well known sorting algorithms (bubble sort, merge sort, quick sort, ) proceed in this manner.
Here is an important special case: determine an unknown linear extension \(L\) of a poset \(\bfP\) by asking a series of questions of the form: Is \(x \lt y\) in \(L\)?
Эми сиз Бул функцияны калкулятор чече албайт, бирок анын бөлүгү эсептелет. Төмөндө бирин сынап көрүңүз же өзүңүздүнсүн жазыңыз.
Бул жерде колдонулган символдор
Бардык символдорду басып, толук аныктамасын, сүрөтүн жана ар бир тамгасынын маанисин көрсөңүз болот.
Кээ бирлердин суроосу
Permutation or combination?
Ask whether order matters. A lock code is a permutation (order matters); a hand of cards is a combination (it does not).
What is a graph in this sense?
Dots (vertices) joined by lines (edges), not a plot. Road maps, social networks and molecules are graphs; questions like "is there a route" and "how few colours" are graph theory.
Бул барактын айрым бөлүгү төмөнкү булактан алынды Keller & Trotter, Applied Combinatorics (CC BY-SA 4.0). Бул жерде кыскартылып жана кайрадан түшүндүрүлгөн; каталарыбыз өзүбүздүкү.
Кээ бирлери Combinatorics & Graph Theory
The counting principlesPigeonhole principle and inclusion, exclusionBinomial coefficients and Pascal's triangleRecurrences and generating functionsGraphs: vertices, edges, degreesPaths, cycles, trees, Euler and HamiltonColouring and planar graphs