maths.free › Trigonometry › Law of sines and law of cosines

Law of sines and law of cosines

Solving any triangle from three pieces of information.

Law of cosines: c² = a² + b² − 2ab cos C, which is Pythagoras with a correction for the angle. Law of sines: a/sin A = b/sin B = c/sin C. Picture it: two sides and the angle between them pin the third side; the figure is drawn from those numbers. Think it: the law of cosines is the dot product in disguise: |a − b|² = |a|² + |b|² − 2 a·b.

Contoh yang dikerjakan · triangle 5 7 with angle 60

Geometry · Triangles

Triangle 5 7 with angle 60

5,\ 7

Langkah demi langkah

  1. a = 5,\ b = 7,\ C = 60^\circ

    Two sides and the included angle (SAS): find the third side with the law of cosines.

  2. c^2 = a^2 + b^2 - 2ab\cos C = 39

    Law of cosines.

  3. c = \sqrt{39} \approx 6.2450

  4. P = a + b + c = \sqrt{39} + 12

    Perimeter.

  5. s = \tfrac{P}{2} = \frac{\sqrt{39}}{2} + 6,\quad A = \sqrt{s(s-a)(s-b)(s-c)} = \frac{35 \sqrt{3}}{4} \approx 15.155

    Heron's formula for the area.

  6. \cos A = \frac{b^2 + c^2 - a^2}{2bc} = \frac{3 \sqrt{39}}{26} \Rightarrow A \approx 43.898^\circ

    Law of cosines for angle A (opposite side a).

  7. \cos B = \frac{a^2 + c^2 - b^2}{2ac} = \frac{\sqrt{39}}{26} \Rightarrow B \approx 76.102^\circ

    Law of cosines for angle B (opposite side b).

  8. \cos C = \frac{a^2 + b^2 - c^2}{2ab} = \frac{1}{2} \Rightarrow C \approx 60.000^\circ

    Law of cosines for angle C (opposite side c).

  9. A + B + C = 180.0^\circ

    The angles add to 180°: a acute, scalene triangle.

Tunjukkan jawapan
A = \frac{35 \sqrt{3}}{4} \approx 15.155,\quad P = \sqrt{39} + 12,\quad \angle \approx 43.9^\circ, 76.1^\circ, 60.0^\circ

Sekarang kau Pilih masalah, atau taip atau lukis sendiri. Setiap langkah, gambar, jawapan tersembunyi sehingga anda tanya.

Jaga kerja awak sendiri.

Akaun percuma menambah nota pada setiap pengajaran, rekod apa yang anda selesaikan, masalah yang anda selesaikan di satu tempat, dan seorang guru yang anda boleh tanya tentang halaman ini. Matematik itu sendiri terbuka kepada semua orang, sama ada anda log masuk atau tidak.

Daftar Masuk Log masuk

Simbol yang digunakan di sini

Tekan simbol mana-mana untuk definisi penuh, gambar, dan apa makna setiap huruf dalamnya.

Bagaimana untuk: Law of sines and law of cosines

  1. Two sides and the included angle (SAS): find the third side with the law of cosines.
  2. Law of cosines.
  3. Perimeter.
  4. Heron's formula for the area.
  5. Law of cosines for angle A (opposite side a).
  6. Law of cosines for angle B (opposite side b).
  7. Law of cosines for angle C (opposite side c).
  8. The angles add to 180°: a acute, scalene triangle.

Soalan yang orang tanya

Why radians instead of degrees?

A radian is the angle whose arc equals the radius, so it is a pure ratio rather than an arbitrary 1/360 of a turn. With radians the derivative of sin x is exactly cos x; with degrees a factor of π/180 appears everywhere.

Why does sin x = 1/2 have infinitely many solutions?

Sine repeats every full turn, and within one turn it reaches 1/2 twice (at π/6 and 5π/6). Add any whole number of turns to either and it is still true.

How do I remember the exact values?

Two triangles: the 45-45-90 with sides 1, 1, √2 and the 30-60-90 with sides 1, √3, 2. Every value for 30°, 45° and 60° is a ratio of those sides; symmetry gives the rest of the circle.

Lebih dalam Trigonometry

The unit circleTrigonometric equationsTrigonometric identitiesDegrees and radiansRight-triangle trigonometry (SOH-CAH-TOA)Graphs of sine, cosine and tangentInverse trigonometric functions