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Surfaces and Gaussian curvature
Principal curvatures, Gauss's Theorema Egregium, geodesics.
At each point a surface bends most and least in two perpendicular directions; their product is the Gaussian curvature: positive on a sphere, zero on a cylinder, negative on a saddle. Gauss proved it can be measured from inside the surface. Picture it: the saddle z = x² − y², curving up one way and down the other. Think it: the same curvature, in four dimensions, is what gravity is in general relativity.
Contoh yang dikerjakan · x^2 - y^2
Langkah demi langkah
- x^{2} - y^{2}
An expression in x, y. Here is what it does.
- \left(x - y\right) \left(x + y\right)
Factored form.
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Bagaimana untuk: Surfaces and Gaussian curvature
- An expression in x, y. Here is what it does.
- Factored form.
Soalan yang orang tanya
What is curvature?
For a curve, how fast its direction turns per unit length; for a surface, Gauss's combination of the two principal bendings, and Gauss's theorem says it can be measured from inside the surface without leaving it.