maths.free › Real Analysis › Continuity and differentiability, rigorously

Continuity and differentiability, rigorously

ε, δ continuity, the intermediate and extreme value theorems, the mean value theorem.

f is continuous at a when the limit equals the value; on a closed interval that buys the intermediate value theorem and a maximum. The mean value theorem says some tangent is parallel to the chord, the fact behind every "if f′ > 0 then f increases". Picture it: the chord and the parallel tangent. Think it: these theorems are where compactness and connectedness of [a, b] do their work.

Contoh yang dikerjakan · limit of sin(x)/x as x -> 0

Calculus · Limits

Limit of sin(x)/x as x → 0

\lim_{x \to 0} \frac{\sin{\left(x \right)}}{x}

Langkah demi langkah

  1. \lim_{x \to 0^+-} \frac{\sin{\left(x \right)}}{x}

    Try direct substitution first.

  2. \frac{0}{0}

    Substitution gives 0/0: an indeterminate form.

  3. \lim \frac{\cos{\left(x \right)}}{1}

    L'Hôpital's rule: differentiate numerator and denominator separately.

  4. = 1

    Substitute.

Tunjukkan jawapan
1

Sekarang kau Pilih masalah, atau taip atau lukis sendiri. Setiap langkah, gambar, jawapan tersembunyi sehingga anda tanya.

Jaga kerja awak sendiri.

Akaun percuma menambah nota pada setiap pengajaran, rekod apa yang anda selesaikan, masalah yang anda selesaikan di satu tempat, dan seorang guru yang anda boleh tanya tentang halaman ini. Matematik itu sendiri terbuka kepada semua orang, sama ada anda log masuk atau tidak.

Daftar Masuk Log masuk

Simbol yang digunakan di sini

Tekan simbol mana-mana untuk definisi penuh, gambar, dan apa makna setiap huruf dalamnya.

Bagaimana untuk: Continuity and differentiability, rigorously

  1. Try direct substitution first.
  2. Substitution gives 0/0: an indeterminate form.
  3. L'Hôpital's rule: differentiate numerator and denominator separately.
  4. Substitute.

Soalan yang orang tanya

What is the ε, δ definition actually saying?

That you can make the output as close to the limit as anyone demands (within ε) by keeping the input close enough (within δ). It replaces "approaches" with a challenge-and-response that can be checked.

Why does the harmonic series diverge when its terms go to zero?

Because the terms shrink too slowly: group them as 1/3 + 1/4 > 1/2, 1/5 + … + 1/8 > 1/2, and so on: infinitely many halves.

Lebih dalam Real Analysis

Sequences and their limitsConvergence of seriesImproper integralsTaylor approximation and errorFunctions of a complex variableSequences of functions and uniform convergence