maths.free › Number Theory › Prime factorisation

Prime factorisation

Every integer is a product of primes in exactly one way.

Divide out the smallest prime again and again until only 1 is left; the primes you removed, with their multiplicities, are the unique prime factorisation. The factor tree below is drawn from those divisions. From it you can read the number of divisors and the gcd or lcm with any other number.

Gumagana halimbawa · prime factorization of 360

Number-Theory · Prime-Factorization

Prime factorization of 360

360

Hakbang-hakbang

  1. 360

    Factor 360 by dividing out the smallest prime that goes in, again and again.

  2. 360 = 2 \times 180

    2 is the smallest prime dividing 360.

  3. 180 = 2 \times 90

    2 is the smallest prime dividing 180.

  4. 90 = 2 \times 45

    2 is the smallest prime dividing 90.

  5. 45 = 3 \times 15

    3 is the smallest prime dividing 45.

  6. 15 = 3 \times 5

    3 is the smallest prime dividing 15. That leaves a prime, so we stop.

  7. 5 = 5 \times 1

    5 is the smallest prime dividing 5. That leaves a prime, so we stop.

  8. 360 = 2^{3} \times 3^{2} \times 5

    Collect equal primes as powers.

  9. d(360) = (3+1) \cdot (2+1) \cdot (1+1) = 24

    Bonus: the number of divisors is the product of (exponent + 1) over the prime powers.

Ipahayag ang sagot
360 = 2^{3} \times 3^{2} \times 5

Ngayon ikaw Pumili ng isang problema, o i-type o gumuhit ng iyong sarili. Sa bawat hakbang, isang larawan, ang sagot na nakatago hanggang sa hilingin mo.

Panatilihin ang iyong sariling nagtatrabaho

Ang isang libreng account ay nagdaragdag ng mga tala sa bawat aralin, isang tala ng kung ano ang iyong natapos, ang iyong mga nalulutas na problema sa isang lugar, at isang guro na maaari mong tanungin tungkol sa pahinang ito. Ang matematika mismo ay bukas sa lahat, naka-sign in o hindi.

Mag-sign Up Mag-login

Mga simbolong ginagamit dito

I-tap ang anumang simbolo para sa buong kahulugan, isang larawan, at kung ano ang ibig sabihin ng bawat titik sa ito.

Paano: Prime factorisation

  1. Factor 360 by dividing out the smallest prime that goes in, again and again.
  2. 2 is the smallest prime dividing 360.
  3. 2 is the smallest prime dividing 180.
  4. 2 is the smallest prime dividing 90.
  5. 3 is the smallest prime dividing 45.
  6. 3 is the smallest prime dividing 15. That leaves a prime, so we stop.
  7. 5 is the smallest prime dividing 5. That leaves a prime, so we stop.
  8. Collect equal primes as powers.

Mga katanungan na tanong ng mga tao

Why are primes so important?

Every integer factors into primes in exactly one way, so primes are the atoms of multiplication. Cryptography relies on that factoring being easy to state and hard to do.

How do I tell whether a big number is prime?

Trial division up to the square root works for small numbers. For large ones, probabilistic tests (Miller-Rabin) give an answer that is wrong with negligible probability, and deterministic tests (AKS) exist but are slower.

Higit pa sa Number Theory

Prime numbersGCD and LCMModular arithmeticDivisorsSequencesNumber basesDiophantine equationsFermat's little theorem and Euler's theoremRSA: cryptography from number theory