maths.free › Number Theory › Diophantine equations

Diophantine equations

Integer solutions: linear equations via Bézout, Pythagorean triples, Fermat.

ax + by = c has integer solutions exactly when gcd(a, b) divides c, and the extended Euclidean algorithm finds them. Pythagorean triples are (m² − n², 2mn, m² + n²). Fermat's last theorem says xⁿ + yⁿ = zⁿ has none for n ≥ 3, proved in 1995. Picture it: lattice points on a line; the solutions are evenly spaced. Think it: Hilbert's tenth problem showed no algorithm can decide all Diophantine equations.

Gumagana halimbawa · gcd(12, 18)

Number-Theory · Gcd-And-Lcm

Gcd(12, 18)

12,\ 18

Hakbang-hakbang

  1. \gcd(12, 18)

    Use Euclid's algorithm: replace the larger number by its remainder on division by the smaller, until the remainder is 0.

  2. 18 = 1 \times 12 + 6

    Divide 18 by 12: quotient 1, remainder 6.

  3. 12 = 2 \times 6 + 0

    Divide 12 by 6: quotient 2, remainder 0.

  4. \gcd(12, 18) = 6

    The last non-zero remainder is 6.

Ipahayag ang sagot
\gcd(12, 18) = 6

Ngayon ikaw Pumili ng isang problema, o i-type o gumuhit ng iyong sarili. Sa bawat hakbang, isang larawan, ang sagot na nakatago hanggang sa hilingin mo.

Panatilihin ang iyong sariling nagtatrabaho

Ang isang libreng account ay nagdaragdag ng mga tala sa bawat aralin, isang tala ng kung ano ang iyong natapos, ang iyong mga nalulutas na problema sa isang lugar, at isang guro na maaari mong tanungin tungkol sa pahinang ito. Ang matematika mismo ay bukas sa lahat, naka-sign in o hindi.

Mag-sign Up Mag-login

Mga simbolong ginagamit dito

I-tap ang anumang simbolo para sa buong kahulugan, isang larawan, at kung ano ang ibig sabihin ng bawat titik sa ito.

Paano: Diophantine equations

  1. Use Euclid's algorithm: replace the larger number by its remainder on division by the smaller, until the remainder is 0.
  2. Divide 18 by 12: quotient 1, remainder 6.
  3. Divide 12 by 6: quotient 2, remainder 0.
  4. The last non-zero remainder is 6.

Mga katanungan na tanong ng mga tao

Why are primes so important?

Every integer factors into primes in exactly one way, so primes are the atoms of multiplication. Cryptography relies on that factoring being easy to state and hard to do.

How do I tell whether a big number is prime?

Trial division up to the square root works for small numbers. For large ones, probabilistic tests (Miller-Rabin) give an answer that is wrong with negligible probability, and deterministic tests (AKS) exist but are slower.

Higit pa sa Number Theory

Prime factorisationPrime numbersGCD and LCMModular arithmeticDivisorsSequencesNumber basesFermat's little theorem and Euler's theoremRSA: cryptography from number theory