maths.free › Algebraic Topology
Algebraic Topology
Fundamental groups, homology: counting holes with algebra.
Lezioni
polar form of -1
Advanced
Homology and the Euler characteristic
Counting holes in every dimension with chain complexes.
6 - 12 + 8
Attach a group to a space so that continuous maps become homomorphisms. Then the question "are these two spaces the same shape?" becomes an algebra computation, which is how we know a doughnut is not a sphere.
Altre lezioni
Homotopy
Homology
Consequences
Alcune di queste lezioni sono adattate da testi aperti: Wikipedia. Ogni pagina di lezione ne indica la fonte e la licenza.
Simboli utilizzati qui
Toccare qualsiasi simbolo per la definizione completa, un'immagine, e che cosa ogni lettera in esso significa.
Domande che la gente chiede
What does the fundamental group measure?
Loops in a space up to deformation. In a plane every loop shrinks to a point (trivial group); around a hole a loop can wind n times (the integers).
Digitare o disegnare sulla pagina del risolutore: ogni passo, un'immagine, la risposta nascosta fino a quando non si chiede. Risolvi →
Altri rami
+ Arithmetic𝑥 Algebra△ Geometry∿ Trigonometryƒ Precalculusσ Statistics & Probability⊢ Discrete Math & Logic∫ Calculus⊞ Linear Algebraℕ Number Theoryẏ Differential Equations∇ Multivariable Calculusε Real Analysis⋔ Combinatorics & Graph Theory∈ Set Theory & Logic𝔾 Abstract Algebra𝑃 Probability Theory≈ Numerical Methodsℂ Complex Analysis◎ Topologyμ Measure Theory‖·‖ Functional Analysisκ Differential Geometry→ Category Theory∂ Partial Differential Equations≋ Fluid Dynamics∞ Frontiers