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Solve Equations in Quadratic Form
Solve equations in quadratic form
Solve Equations in Quadratic Form
Sometimes when we factored trinomials, the trinomial did not appear to be in the ax2 + bx + c form. So we factored by substitution allowing us to make it fit the ax2 + bx + c form. We used the standard \(u\) for the substitution.
To factor the expression x4 − 4x2 − 5, we noticed the variable part of the middle term is x2 and its square, x4, is the variable part of the first term. (We know \({({x}^{2})}^{2}={x}^{4}.\)) So we let u = x2 and factored.
| Let \(u={x}^{2}\) and substitute. | |
| Factor the trinomial. | |
| Replace u with \({x}^{2}\). |
Similarly, sometimes an equation is not in the ax2 + bx + c = 0 form but looks much like a quadratic equation. Then, we can often make a thoughtful substitution that will allow us to make it fit the ax2 + bx + c = 0 form. If we can make it fit the form, we can then use all of our methods to solve quadratic equations.
Notice that in the quadratic equation ax2 + bx + c = 0, the middle term has a variable, x, and its square, x2, is the variable part of the first term. Look for this relationship as you try to find a substitution.
Again, we will use the standard u to make a substitution that will put the equation in quadratic form. If the substitution gives us an equation of the form ax2 + bx + c = 0, we say the original equation was of quadratic form.
The next example shows the steps for solving an equation in quadratic form.
How to Solve Equations in Quadratic Form
Try it.
Solve: \(6{x}^{4}-7{x}^{2}+2=0\)
Solution
We summarize the steps to solve an equation in quadratic form.
Example
Try it.
Solve: \({(x-2)}^{2}+7(x-2)+12=0.\)
Solution
| Prepare for the substitution. | |
| Let \(u=x-2\) and substitute. | |
| Solve by factoring. | |
| Replace \(u\) with \(x-2.\) | |
| Solve for \(x.\) | |
| Check: |
Condensed: the full section is in OpenStax Intermediate Algebra 2e.
Key Concepts
- How to solve equations in quadratic form.
- Identify a substitution that will put the equation in quadratic form.
- Rewrite the equation with the substitution to put it in quadratic form.
- Solve the quadratic equation for u.
- Substitute the original variable back into the results, using the substitution.
- Solve for the original variable.
- Check the solutions.
Solve Equations in Quadratic Form
Solve Equations in Quadratic Form
In the following exercises, solve.
Try it.
\({x}^{4}-7{x}^{2}+12=0\)
Solution
\(x=\pm \sqrt{3},x=\pm 2\)
Try it.
\({x}^{4}-9{x}^{2}+18=0\)
Try it.
\({x}^{4}-13{x}^{2}-30=0\)
Solution
\(x=\pm \sqrt{15},x=\pm \sqrt{2}i\)
Try it.
\({x}^{4}+5{x}^{2}-36=0\)
Try it.
\(2{x}^{4}-5{x}^{2}+3=0\)
Solution
\(x=\pm 1,x=\frac{\pm \sqrt{6}}{2}\)
Try it.
\(4{x}^{4}-5{x}^{2}+1=0\)
Try it.
\(2{x}^{4}-7{x}^{2}+3=0\)
Solution
\(x=\pm \sqrt{3},x=\pm \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\)
Try it.
\(3{x}^{4}-14{x}^{2}+8=0\)
Try it.
\({(x-3)}^{2}-5(x-3)-36=0\)
Solution
\(x=-1,x=12\)
Try it.
\({(x+2)}^{2}-3(x+2)-54=0\)
Try it.
\({(3y+2)}^{2}+(3y+2)-6=0\)
Solution
\(x=-\frac{5}{3},x=0\)
Try it.
\({(5y-1)}^{2}+3(5y-1)-28=0\)
Try it.
\({({x}^{2}+1)}^{2}-5({x}^{2}+1)+4=0\)
Solution
\(x=0,x=\pm \sqrt{3}\)
Try it.
\({({x}^{2}-4)}^{2}-4({x}^{2}-4)+3=0\)
Try it.
\(2{({x}^{2}-5)}^{2}-5({x}^{2}-5)+2=0\)
Solution
\(x=\pm \frac{\sqrt{22}}{2},x=\pm \sqrt{7}\)
Try it.
\(2{({x}^{2}-5)}^{2}-7({x}^{2}-5)+6=0\)
Try it.
\(x-\sqrt{x}-20=0\)
Solution
\(x=25\)
Try it.
\(x-8\sqrt{x}+15=0\)
Try it.
\(x+6\sqrt{x}-16=0\)
Solution
\(x=4\)
Try it.
\(x+4\sqrt{x}-21=0\)
Try it.
\(6x+\sqrt{x}-2=0\)
Solution
\(x=\frac{1}{4}\)
Try it.
\(6x+\sqrt{x}-1=0\)
Try it.
\(10x-17\sqrt{x}+3=0\)
Solution
\(x=\frac{1}{25},x=\frac{9}{4}\)
Try it.
\(12x+5\sqrt{x}-3=0\)
Try it.
\({x}^{\frac{2}{3}}+9{x}^{\frac{1}{3}}+8=0\)
Solution
\(x=-1,x=-512\)
Try it.
\({x}^{\frac{2}{3}}-3{x}^{\frac{1}{3}}=28\)
Try it.
\({x}^{\frac{2}{3}}+4{x}^{\frac{1}{3}}=12\)
Solution
\(x=8,x=-216\)
Try it.
\({x}^{\frac{2}{3}}-11{x}^{\frac{1}{3}}+30=0\)
Try it.
\(6{x}^{\frac{2}{3}}-{x}^{\frac{1}{3}}=12\)
Solution
\(x=\frac{27}{8},x=-\frac{64}{27}\)
Try it.
\(3{x}^{\frac{2}{3}}-10{x}^{\frac{1}{3}}=8\)
Try it.
\(8{x}^{\frac{2}{3}}-43{x}^{\frac{1}{3}}+15=0\)
Solution
\(x=\frac{27}{512},x=125\)
Try it.
\(20{x}^{\frac{2}{3}}-23{x}^{\frac{1}{3}}+6=0\)
Try it.
\(x-8{x}^{\frac{1}{2}}+7=0\)
Solution
\(x=1,x=49\)
Try it.
\(2x-7{x}^{\frac{1}{2}}=15\)
Try it.
\(6{x}^{-2}+13{x}^{-1}+5=0\)
Solution
\(x=-2,x=-\frac{3}{5}\)
Try it.
\(15{x}^{-2}-26{x}^{-1}+8=0\)
Try it.
\(8{x}^{-2}-2{x}^{-1}-3=0\)
Solution
\(x=-2,x=\frac{4}{3}\)
Try it.
\(15{x}^{-2}-4{x}^{-1}-4=0\)
Try it.
Explain how to recognize an equation in quadratic form.
Solution
Answers will vary.
Try it.
Explain the procedure for solving an equation in quadratic form.
ⓐ After completing the exercises, use this checklist to evaluate your mastery of the objectives of this section.
ⓑ On a scale of 1-10, how would you rate your mastery of this section in light of your responses on the checklist? How can you improve this?
Now you Không máy tính nào có thể tính toán được nó, nhưng các mảnh của nó có thể tính toán được. Thử một trong những cách dưới đây, hoặc gõ theo ý bạn.
Luyện tập (40)
Đầu tiên thử mỗi câu trên giấy. Cho thấy câu trả lời để kiểm tra; những câu trả lời đã kiểm tra có thể mở trong trình giải cho mỗi bước.
-
Factor by substitution: \({y}^{4}-{y}^{2}-20.\)
Giải đáp
\(\left({y}^{2}+4\right)\left({y}^{2}-5\right)\)
-
Factor by substitution: \({(y-4)}^{2}+8(y-4)+15.\)
Giải đáp
\((y-1)(y+1)\)
-
Simplify: ⓐ \({x}^{\frac{1}{2}}\cdot {x}^{\frac{1}{4}}\) ⓑ \({({x}^{\frac{1}{3}})}^{2}\) ⓒ \({({x}^{-1})}^{2}.\)
Giải đáp
ⓐ \({x}^{\frac{3}{4}}\); ⓑ \({x}^{\frac{2}{3}}\); ⓒ \({x}^{-2}\)
-
Solve: \(6{x}^{4}-7{x}^{2}+2=0\)
-
Solve: \({x}^{4}-6{x}^{2}+8=0\).
Giải đáp
\(x=\sqrt{2},x=\text{-}\sqrt{2},x=2,x=-2\)
-
Solve: \({x}^{4}-11{x}^{2}+28=0\).
Giải đáp
\(x=\sqrt{7},x=\text{-}\sqrt{7},x=2,x=-2\)
-
Solve: \({(x-2)}^{2}+7(x-2)+12=0.\)
Giải đáp
Prepare for the substitution. Let \(u=x-2\) and substitute. Solve by factoring. Replace \(u\) with \(x-2.\) Solve for \(x.\) Check: -
Solve: \({(x-5)}^{2}+6(x-5)+8=0.\)
Giải đáp
\(x=3,x=1\)
-
Solve: \({(y-4)}^{2}+8(y-4)+15=0.\)
Giải đáp
\(y=-1,y=1\)
-
Solve: \(x-3\sqrt{x}+2=0.\)
Giải đáp
The \(\sqrt{x}\) in the middle term, is squared in the first term \({(\sqrt{x})}^{2}=x.\) If we let \(u=\sqrt{x}\) and substitute, our trinomial will be in ax2 + bx + c = 0 form.
Rewrite the trinomial to prepare for the substitution. Let \(u=\sqrt{x}\) and substitute. Solve by factoring. Replace u with \(\sqrt{x}.\) Solve for x, by squaring both sides. Check: -
Solve: \(x-7\sqrt{x}+12=0.\)
Giải đáp
\(x=9,x=16\)
-
Solve: \(x-6\sqrt{x}+8=0.\)
Giải đáp
\(x=4,x=16\)
-
Solve: \({x}^{\frac{2}{3}}-2{x}^{\frac{1}{3}}-24=0.\)
Giải đáp
The \({x}^{\frac{1}{3}}\) in the middle term is squared in the first term \({({x}^{\frac{1}{3}})}^{2}={x}^{\frac{2}{3}}.\) If we let \(u={x}^{\frac{1}{3}}\) and substitute, our trinomial will be in ax2 + bx + c = 0 form.
Rewrite the trinomial to prepare for the substitution. Let \(u={x}^{\frac{1}{3}}\) and substitute. Solve by factoring. Replace u with \({x}^{\frac{1}{3}}.\) Solve for \(x\) by cubing both sides. Check: -
Solve: \({x}^{\frac{2}{3}}-5{x}^{\frac{1}{3}}-14=0.\)
Giải đáp
\(x=-8,x=343\)
-
Solve: \({x}^{\frac{1}{2}}-8{x}^{\frac{1}{4}}+15=0.\)
Giải đáp
\(x=81,x=625\)
-
Solve: \(3{x}^{-2}-7{x}^{-1}+2=0.\)
Giải đáp
The \({x}^{-1}\) in the middle term is squared in the first term \({({x}^{-1})}^{2}={x}^{-2}.\) If we let \(u={x}^{-1}\) and substitute, our trinomial will be in ax2 + bx + c = 0 form.
Rewrite the trinomial to prepare for the substitution. Let \(u={x}^{-1}\) and substitute. Solve by factoring. Replace u with \({x}^{-1}.\) Solve for \(x\) by taking the reciprocal since \({x}^{-1}=\frac{1}{x}.\) Check: -
Solve: \(8{x}^{-2}-10{x}^{-1}+3=0.\)
Giải đáp
\(x=\frac{4}{3}x=2\)
-
Solve: \(6{x}^{-2}-23{x}^{-1}+20=0.\)
Giải đáp
\(x=\frac{2}{5},x=\frac{3}{4}\)
-
\({x}^{4}-7{x}^{2}+12=0\)
Giải đáp
\(x=\pm \sqrt{3},x=\pm 2\)
-
\({x}^{4}-9{x}^{2}+18=0\)
-
\({x}^{4}-13{x}^{2}-30=0\)
Giải đáp
\(x=\pm \sqrt{15},x=\pm \sqrt{2}i\)
-
\({x}^{4}+5{x}^{2}-36=0\)
-
\(2{x}^{4}-5{x}^{2}+3=0\)
Giải đáp
\(x=\pm 1,x=\frac{\pm \sqrt{6}}{2}\)
-
\(4{x}^{4}-5{x}^{2}+1=0\)
-
\(2{x}^{4}-7{x}^{2}+3=0\)
Giải đáp
\(x=\pm \sqrt{3},x=\pm \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\)
-
\(3{x}^{4}-14{x}^{2}+8=0\)
-
\({(x-3)}^{2}-5(x-3)-36=0\)
Giải đáp
\(x=-1,x=12\)
-
\({(x+2)}^{2}-3(x+2)-54=0\)
-
\({(3y+2)}^{2}+(3y+2)-6=0\)
Giải đáp
\(x=-\frac{5}{3},x=0\)
-
\({(5y-1)}^{2}+3(5y-1)-28=0\)
-
\({({x}^{2}+1)}^{2}-5({x}^{2}+1)+4=0\)
Giải đáp
\(x=0,x=\pm \sqrt{3}\)
-
\({({x}^{2}-4)}^{2}-4({x}^{2}-4)+3=0\)
-
\(2{({x}^{2}-5)}^{2}-5({x}^{2}-5)+2=0\)
Giải đáp
\(x=\pm \frac{\sqrt{22}}{2},x=\pm \sqrt{7}\)
-
\(2{({x}^{2}-5)}^{2}-7({x}^{2}-5)+6=0\)
-
\(x-\sqrt{x}-20=0\)
Giải đáp
\(x=25\)
-
\(x-8\sqrt{x}+15=0\)
-
\(x+6\sqrt{x}-16=0\)
Giải đáp
\(x=4\)
-
\(x+4\sqrt{x}-21=0\)
-
\(6x+\sqrt{x}-2=0\)
Giải đáp
\(x=\frac{1}{4}\)
-
\(6x+\sqrt{x}-1=0\)
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Làm thế nào: Solve Equations in Quadratic Form
- Solve equations in quadratic form
- Identify a substitution that will put the equation in quadratic form.
- Rewrite the equation with the substitution to put it in quadratic form.
- Solve the quadratic equation for
- Substitute the original variable back into the results, using the substitution.
- Solve for the original variable.
- Check the solutions.
- How to solve equations in quadratic form.
Câu hỏi người ta hỏi
What does it mean to solve an equation?
To find every value of the unknown that makes both sides equal. Each step is an operation applied to both sides that keeps the solution set the same, until the unknown stands alone.
Why do I sometimes get two answers?
A quadratic can cross the axis twice, so it can have two solutions. A degree-n polynomial has up to n. The graph shows where each one comes from.
How do I know whether to factor or use the quadratic formula?
Try factoring for a few seconds: look for two numbers that multiply to a·c and add to b. If nothing obvious appears, the discriminant b² − 4ac tells you how many real roots there are, and the formula finds them without guessing.
Một số phần của trang này được chuyển từ OpenStax Intermediate Algebra 2e (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0). Được nén lại và giải thích lại ở đây; lỗi là của chúng tôi. Bởi vì nguồn của nó được cấp phép cho sử dụng không thương mại, bài học này là miễn phí, không bán gì, và được chia sẻ dưới cùng một giấy phép.
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